(OHNWULVFKHDDQVOXLWLQJ
7PPSBBOTMVJUJOHWBOIFUBQQBSBBUEFIVJTJOTUBMMBUJF
DPOUSPMFSFO-FUFSPQEBUEFIVJTJOTUBMMBUJFHPFECFWFJMJHEJT
4QBOOJOHFOGSFRVFOUJFWBOIFUBQQBSBBUNPFUFO
PWFSFFOTUFNNFONFUEFFMFLUSJTDIFJOTUBMMBUJF [JFIFU
UZQFQMBBUKF
)FUBQQBSBBUWPMEPFUBBOCFWFJMJHJOHTLMBTTF*FONBHBMMFFONFU
FFOHFBBSEFBBOTMVJUJOHXPSEFOHFCSVJLU
%FJOTUBMMBUJFEJFOUUFCFTDIJLLFOPWFSFFOTDIBLFMBBSNFUFFO
DPOUBDUPQFOJOHWBONJOTUFOTNN%FTUFLLFSEJFOUOBEF
JOCPVXOPHUPFHBOLFMJKLUF[JKO
)FUBBOCSFOHFOWBOIFUTUPQDPOUBDUPGIFUWFSWBOHFOWBOEF
BBOTMVJUMFJEJOHNBHBMMFFOEPPSFFOFMFLUSPUFDIOJDVTNFU
JOBDIUOFNJOHWBOEFHFMEFOEFWPPSTDISJGUFOXPSEFOVJUHFWPFSE
$SSDUDDW]RQGHUDDQVOXLWOHLGLQJQHWDDQVOXLWLQJBMMFFO
BBOTMVJUFO WPMHFOT IFU BBOTMVJUTDIFNB ;P OPEJH EF CJKCFIPSFOEF
LPQFSCSVHNPOUFSFO
/FUBBOTMVJUMFJEJOH)77'( FFOGBTJHPG)77'
( ESJFGBTJHPGIPPHXBBSEJHFS.JOJNBMFEJBNFUFSJOBDIU
OFNFO-FOHUFWBOEFBBOTMVJULBCFMNJOTUFOT N
%FHFFMHSPFOFBEFSWPPSEFBBOTMVJUJOHWBOEFHFBBSEFMFJEJOH
NPFUCJKIFUBQQBSBBU NNMBOHFS[JKOEBOEFBOEFSFBEFST
"BOTMVJULBCFMOJFULOJLLFOPGJOLMFNNFO
+HWDSSDUDDWLQERXZHQ
.BSLFFS QSFDJFT IFU NJEEFO WBO EF VJUTQBSJOH #FWFTUJH EF LPSUF
CFWFTUJHJOHTSBJMBBOEFWPPSLBOUWBOEFVJUTQBSJOHFOEFMBOHF
CFWFTUJHJOHTSBJM BBO EF BDIUFSLBOU WBO EF VJUTQBSJOH %F OFVTKFT
WBOEFCFWFTUJHJOHTSBJMTNPFUFOPQIFUXFSLCMBESVTUFO%F
NJEEFONBSLFSJOH WBO EF CFWFTUJHJOHTSBJMT NPFU FYBDU BBOTMVJUFO
PQEFNJEEFONBSLFSJOHWBOEFVJUTQBSJOHJOIFUXFSLCMBE
$DQZLM]LQJ ;FUCJKXFSLCMBEFOWBOTUFFOEFCFWFTUJHJOHTSBJMT
WBTUNFUFFOUFNQFSBUVVSCFTUFOEJHFUXFFDPNQPOFOUFOMJKN
NFUBBMPQTUFFO
1MBBUT IFU BQQBSBBU JO EF VJUTQBSJOH %F CFWFTUJHJOHTQVOUFO WBO
IFUBQQBSBBUNPFUFOQSFDJFTPQEFLMFNWFSFOMJHHFO%SVLIFU
BQQBSBBUTUFWJHJOIFUXFSLCMBE 'HEHYHVWLJLQJVSXQWHQYDQ
KHWDSSDUDDWPRHWHQLQGHNOHPYHUHQYDVWNOLNNHQ
+HWDSSDUDDWXLWERXZHQ
)BBMEFTQBOOJOHWBOIFUBQQBSBBU%SVLIFUBQQBSBBUFSWBO
POEFSFOBGVJU
$WWHQWLH
#FTDIBEJHJOHWBOIFUBQQBSBBU)FUBQQBSBBUOJFUWBOBGEF
CPWFOLBOUFSVJUXSJLLFO
es
Û
*OTUSVDDJPOFTEFNPOUBKF
&RQVHMRV\DGYHUWHQFLDV
-FFSDPOBUFODJ³OFTUBTJOTUSVDDJPOFTZDPOTFSWBSMBT4PMBNFOUF
VO NPOUBKF QSPGFTJPOBM DPOGPSNF B FTUBT JOTUSVDDJPOFT EF NPOUBKF
QVFEFHBSBOUJ[BSVOVTPTFHVSPEFMBQBSBUP&MJOTUBMBEPSFT
SFTQPOTBCMFEFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPQFSGFDUPFOFMMVHBSEF
JOTUBMBDJ³O
&MBQBSBUPTPMPIBEFTFSDPOFDUBEPQPSVOU©DOJDPBVUPSJ[BEP
"OUFTEFSFBMJ[BSDVBMRVJFSUSBCBKPTFIBEFDPSUBSFMTVNJOJTUSP
FM©DUSJDP
6UJMJDFHVBOUFTEFQSPUFDDJ³OQBSBFWJUBSDPSUBSTF-BTQJF[BTRVF
RVFEBOEFTDVCJFSUBTEVSBOUFFMNPOUBKFQPESBOUFOFSCPSEFT
BGJMBEPT
1BSBMBJOTUBMBDJ³OTFIBOEFUFOFSFODVFOUBMBTOPSNBUJWBTEF
DPOTUSVDDJ³OFOWJHPSBTDPNPMBTOPSNBUJWBTEFMBDPNQB±B
FM©DUSJDBEFTVNJOJTUSPSFHJPOBM
&TUFBQBSBUPDPSSFTQPOEFBMBDMBTFEFBQBSBUP QBSBFMNPOUBKF
FONVFCMFTEFDPDJOB4FIBEFJOTUBMBSDPOGPSNFBMDSPRVJTEF
NPOUBKF5FOFSFODVFOUBMBEJTUBODJBNOJNBSFTQFDUPBMBT
QBSFEFTMBUFSBMFTPCJFOSFTQFDUPBQBSUFTEFMPTNVFCMFTZ
SFTQFDUPMBEPQPTUFSJPS
&TUFBQBSBUPOPFTU¡QSFWJTUPQBSBFMGVODJPOBNJFOUPDPOVOSFMPK
UFNQPSJ[BEPSFYUFSOPPVONBOEPBEJTUBODJBFYUFSOP
3UHSDUDUORVPXHEOHVGHHPSRWUDU
&MNVFCMFEFFNQPUSBSEFCFTFSUFSNPFTUBCMFIBTUBp$-B
FTUBCJMJEBEEFMNVFCMFEFFNQPUSBSUBNCJ©OEFCFRVFEBS
HBSBOUJ[BEBEFTQV©TEFMPTUSBCBKPTEFSFDPSUF
&TUBCMFDFSFMSFDPSUFQBSBVOPPNºMUJQMFTBQBSBUPT7BSJPFOMB
FODJNFSBDPOGPSNFBMDSPRVJTEFNPOUBKF&M¡OHVMPEFMB
TVQFSGJDJFEFDPSUFSFTQFDUPBMBFODJNFSBEFCFS¡TFSEFp
%FTQV©TEFMPTUSBCBKPTEFSFDPSUFFMJNJOBSMBTWJSVUBT4FMMBSEF
GPSNBUFSNPSSFTJTUFOUFTMBTTVQFSGJDJFTEFDPSUF
5FOFSFODVFOUBMBEJTUBODJBNOJNBEFNNEFMMBEPJOGFSJPS
EFMBQBSBUPSFTQFDUPBMBTQBSUFTEFMPTNVFCMFT
.FEJBOUF MB JOTUBMBDJ³O EFCFS¡ RVFEBS HBSBOUJ[BEB VOB QSPUFDDJ³O
DPOUSBDPOUBDUP4JEFTQV©TEFMNPOUBKFQVEJFTFFOUSBSFO
DPOUBDUPDPOFMMBEPJOGFSJPSEFMBQBSBUPTFIBDPMPDBSVOTVFMP
JOUFSNFEJPEFTNPOUBCMFT³MPNFEJBOUFIFSSBNJFOUB5FOFSFO
DVFOUBMBEJTUBODJBNOJNBEFNNEFMMBEPJOGFSJPSEFMBQBSBUP
SFTQFDUPBMTVFMPJOUFSNFEJP
$OLQVWDODUYDULRVDSDUDWRV9DULR 3FTFSWBSFTQBDJPOFDFTBSJP
QBSBFMFNCFMMFDFEPSEFVOJ³O77 FOUSFMPTBQBSBUPT-PT
BQBSBUPTUBNCJ©OTFQVFEFOJOTUBMBSFOSFDPSUFTJOEJWJEVBMFT
UFOJFOEPFODVFOUBEFEFKBSVOBEJTUBODJBNOJNBFOUSFMPT
BQBSBUPTEF NN
&RQH[LyQHOpFWULFD
$PNQSPCBS MB JOTUBMBDJ³O EPN©TUJDB BOUFT EF DPOFDUBS FM BQBSBUP
7JHJMBS RVF MB JOTUBMBDJ³O EPN©TUJDB UFOHB MB QSPUFDDJ³O QPS GVTJCMF
BEFDVBEB&MWPMUBKFZMBGSFDVFODJBEFMBQBSBUPEFCFODPJODJEJS
DPOMBJOTUBMBDJ³OFM©DUSJDBEFMBQBSBUP WFSQMBDBEF
DBSBDUFSTUJDBT
&MBQBSBUPQFSUFOFDFBMBDMBTFEFQSPUFDDJ³O*ZTPMPQVFEF
VUJMJ[BSTFDPOFDUBEPBVOBDPOFYJ³ODPODPOEVDUPSEFUPNBB
UJFSSB
1BSBMBJOTUBMBDJ³OTFOFDFTJUBVOEJTQPTJUJWPEFTFQBSBDJ³O
PNOJQPMBSDPOVOBBCFSUVSBEFDPOUBDUPEF NNDPNPNOJNP
&TUFFODIVGFEFCFFTUBSBDDFTJCMFJODMVTPEFTQV©TEFMNPOUBKF
-BJOTUBMBDJ³OPFMDBNCJPEFMDBCMFEFBMJNFOUBDJ³OEFCF
SFBMJ[BSMPTJFNQSFVOU©DOJDPFMFDUSJDJTUBFYQFSUPDVNQMJFOEPDPO
MBTOPSNBTQFSUJOFOUFT
$SDUDWRVLQFDEOHGHFRQH[LyQDPOFDUBSºOJDBNFOUFDPOGPSNF
BMFTRVFNBEFDPOFYJ³O&ODBTPOFDFTBSJPNPOUBSMPTQVFOUFT
EFDPCSFBEKVOUPT
$BCMFEFDPOFYJ³OEFSFE)77'( NPOPG¡TJDPP
)77'( USJG¡TJDPPTVQFSJPS5FOFSFODVFOUBMB
TFDDJ³OUSBOTWFSTBMNOJNB-POHJUVENOJNBEFMDBCMFEF
DPOFYJ³O N
&M DPOEVDUPS WFSEF Z BNBSJMMP EF MB DPOFYJ³O B UPNB EF UJFSSB EFCF
TFSQPSFMMBEPEFMBQBSBUP NNN¡TMBSHPRVFFMSFTUPEF
DPOEVDUPSFT
/PEPCMBSOJBQSJTJPOBSFMDBCMFEFDPOFYJ³O
,QVWDODUHODSDUDWR
.BSDBSFYBDUBNFOUFFMDFOUSPEFMSFDPSUF4VKFUBSFMSJFMEF
GJKBDJ³O MBSHP FO FM CPSEF EFMBOUFSP EFM SFDPSUF Z FM SJFM EF GJKBDJ³O
DPSUFBMCPSEFUSBTFSPEFMSFDPSUF-PTTBMJFOUFTEFMPTSJFMFTEF
GJKBDJ³OEFCFS¡OBQPZBSTPCSFMBFODJNFSB-BNBSDBEFDFOUSP
EF MPT SJFMFT EF GJKBDJ³O EFCF DPJODJEJS FYBDUBNFOUF DPO MB NBSDB
EFDFOUSPEFMSFDPSUF
1RWD $POFODJNFSBTEFQJFESBTFIBOEFQFHBSMPTSJFMFTEF
GJKBDJ³ODPOBEIFTJWPEFEPTDPNQPOFOUFT NFUBMTPCSFQJFESB
UFSNPFTUBCMFT
*OTFSUBS FM BQBSBUP FO FM SFDPSUF -PT TBMJFOUFT EF FODBTUSF FO FM
BQBSBUPEFCFS¡OBQPZBSFYBDUBNFOUFTPCSFMPTNVFMMFTEF
BQSJFUF 1SFTJPOBS GJSNFNFOUF FM BQBSBUP EFOUSP EFM SFDPSUF /RV
VDOLHQWHVGHHQFDVWUHHQHODSDUDWRGHEHUiQHQJDQFKDUVH
HQORVPXHOOHVGHDSULHWH
'HVPRQWDUHODSDUDWR
%FTDPOFDUBSFMBQBSBUPEFMBDPSSJFOUF&YUSBFSFMBQBSBUP
QSFTJPOBOEPEFTEFBCBKP
£$WHQFLyQ
a%B±PT FO FM BQBSBUP /P FYUSBFS FM BQBSBUP EFTEF BSSJCB IBDJFOEP
QBMBODB
pt
ì
,QVWUXo}HVGHPRQWDJHP
,QGLFDo}HVLPSRUWDQWHV
-FJBBUFOUBNFOUFFHVBSEFFTUBTJOTUSV§µFT"QFOBTTFB
NPOUBHFNGPSSFBMJ[BEBEFGPSNBUFDOJDBNFOUFDPSSFDUBFN
DPOGPSNJEBEFDPNFTUBTJOTUSV§µFTEFNPOUBHFNTFQPEF
HBSBOUJSBTFHVSBO§BEVSBOUFBVUJMJ[B§£P0JOTUBMBEPS©
SFTQPOT¡WFMQFMPGVODJPOBNFOUPDPSSFDUPOPMPDBMEFJOTUBMB§£P
0BQBSFMIPT³QPEFTFSMJHBEPQPSVNU©DOJDPBVUPSJ[BEP
%FTMJHBSBBMJNFOUB§£PFM©DUSJDBBOUFTEFSFBMJ[BSRVBJTRVFS
USBCBMIPT
6TBSMVWBTEFQSPUFD§£PQBSBFWJUBSDPSUFT"TQF§BTRVF
EVSBOUFBNPOUBHFNGJDBNFYQPTUPTQPEFNTFSQPOUJBHVEBT
1BSB B JOTUBMB§£P © PCSJHBU³SJP PCTFSWBS BT OPSNBT EF DPOTUSV§£P
WJHFOUFTFBTOPSNBTEPGPSOFDFEPSEFFMFDUSJDJEBEFMPDBM
&TUFBQBSFMIPDPSSFTQPOEFBPTBQBSFMIPTEBDMBTTF EF
FODBTUSBSOVNN³WFMEFDP[JOIB5FNEFTFSFODBTUSBEPEF