Glossary

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IPM

The Images Per Minute (IPM) is a way of measuring the speed of a printer. An IPM rate indicates the number of 
single-sided sheets a printer can complete within one minute.

IPP

The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) defines a standard protocol for printing as well as managing print jobs, media size, 
resolution, and so forth. IPP can be used locally or over the Internet to hundreds of printers, and also supports access 
control, authentication, and encryption, making it a much more capable and secure printing solution than older ones.

IPX/SPX

IPX/SPX stands for Internet Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange. It is a networking protocol used by the 
Novell NetWare operating systems. IPX and SPX both provide connection services similar to TCP/IP, with the IPX 
protocol having similarities to IP, and SPX having similarities to TCP. IPX/SPX was primarily designed for local area 
networks (LANs), and is a very efficient protocol for this purpose (typically its performance exceeds that of TCP/IP on a 
LAN).

ISO

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of 
representatives from national standards bodies. It produces world-wide industrial and commercial standards.

ITU-T

The International Telecommunication Union is an international organization established to standardize and regulate 
international radio and telecommunications. Its main tasks include standardization, allocation of the radio spectrum, 
and organizing interconnection arrangements between different countries to allow international phone calls. A -T out of 
ITU-T indicates telecommunication.

ITU-T No. 1 chart

Standardized test chart published by ITU-T for document facsimile transmissions.

JBIG

Joint Bi-level Image Experts Group (JBIG) is an image compression standard with no loss of accuracy or quality, which 
was designed for compression of binary images, particularly for faxes, but can also be used on other images.

JPEG

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is a most commonly used standard method of lossy compression for 
photographic images. It is the format used for storing and transmitting photographs on the World Wide Web.

LDAP

The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is a networking protocol for querying and modifying directory 
services running over TCP/IP.

LED

A Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that indicates the status of a machine.  

MAC address

Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique identifier associated with a network adapter. MAC address is a 
unique 48-bit identifier usually written as 12 hexadecimal characters grouped in pairs (e. g., 00-00-0c-34-11-4e). This 
address is usually hard-coded into a Network Interface Card (NIC) by its manufacturer, and used as an aid for routers 
trying to locate machines on large networks.

MFP

Multi Function Peripheral (MFP) is an office machine that includes the following functionality in one physical body, so 
as to have a printer, a copier, a fax, a scanner and etc.

MH

Modified Huffman (MH) is a compression method for decreasing the amount of data that needs to be transmitted 
between the fax machines to transfer the image recommended by ITU-T T.4. MH is a codebook-based run-length 
encoding scheme optimized to efficiently compress white space. As most faxes consist mostly of white space, this 
minimizes the transmission time of most faxes.